Teaching Writing Balancing Process And Product Essay

The second chapter in Tompkins’ book, Teaching Writing: Balancing Process and Product, Tompkins talks about the different writing strategies that teachers can implement during the writing process. In my opinion, these writing strategies are especially important for young writers, due to the fact that the process in extremely important when beginning to write. Tompkins supports this belief what she writes, â€Å"Even the youngest writers can learn to apply writing strategies† (2012, p. 34). These strategies help writers monitor what they are doing in order to ensure that the final product has been completed to the writers’ best ability. At a first and second grade level, however, some strategies may be too complex and may confuse the students. The goal for teaching at this level should be to have the students generate ideas, organize the writing, and proofread and reread for errors in either grammar or in content. This being said, I do not mean that the other stra tegies cannot be introduced, but teachers should not spend an ample amount of time showing the students how to elaborate or format papers. To me, it is essential for young writers to evaluate their own progress and now when they have made errors so that they are not relying on teachers, this early on, to fix mistakes for them. Another part of the text that I feel is extremely important when teaching first and second grades is the way in which teachers should introduce these writing strategies. Teachers â€Å"think aloud toShow MoreRelated Acquiring Skills in a New Language Essay1510 Words   |  7 Pageslanguage is the ability to communicate messages in writing. For a teacher of English as a second language, nurturing students to develop sound writing skills is crucial to the success of the student both as a learner of the language, and their skills communication skills in reading, speaking and even listening in English. The natural ability of native speakers to communicate in a given language does not automatically indicate proficiency in their writing skills, which must be acquired. The psycholinguistRead MorePersonal Statement On Personal Goals1215 Words   |  5 Pagesreflection process to cater our learning. This requirement is fulfilled when my learning is identified and I learn how to set my own Personal Professional Goals with SMART values. I have constructed 3 Personal Professional Goals in relation as a special education teacher in a secondary school. These goals are to be effectuated in 2018. As I will be completing my course in early December 2017 and joining back school in Mid December 2017. Information on the anticipated subject I will be teaching and quantityRead MoreEducational Needs Of A Class Of Diverse Learners1592 Words   |  7 Pages Supporting the needs of a diverse group of students requires a positive approach, good planning and a willingness to engage with the student and their family. Each child in a class is a unique individual with different strengths and challenges. Teaching a child with a disability may mean allowing more time to p lan, collaborate and learn new skills. This means being even more efficient with your time and energy. If there are a number of professionals working with the student, you may be able to askRead MoreTanglewood Case 41587 Words   |  7 Pageswants or needs. †¢ Open and close cash registers, performing tasks such as counting money, separating charge slips, coupons, and vouchers, balancing cash drawers, and making deposits. †¢ Maintain knowledge of current sales and promotions, policies regarding payment and exchanges, and security practices. †¢ Compute sales prices, total purchases and receive and process cash or credit payment. †¢ Maintain records related to sales. †¢ Watch for and recognize security risks and thefts, and know how to preventRead MoreNutrition Fn Essays1150 Words   |  5 Pagesapply to your dietary intake. Answer 1: Preparing and eating health meals for me and my family can be difficult with our busy schedule, but it starts with a plan. Using the 6 principles of diet planning I start with adequacy. I accomplish this by writing out a grocery list of all the things my family will need for the week. I also shop weekly because we prefer fresh fruit and vegetables. Next, I make sure we have an even balance of foods. I write out meal plans for the week to make sure my familyRead MoreTESOL english answers Essay8761 Words   |  36 Pagesbackground. Unable to consider the learner’s cultural background leads to ineffective satisfaction of students’ needs while meeting and satisfying students’ needs is the most important thing in teaching business English of TESOL. Q4. To make the learning process effective, modern technology is an important tool for teaching. The teacher can use computers, screens, projectors as visual aids when delivering a class. Students can also benefits from using modern technology receiving information or communicatingRead MoreThe Relationship Between Knowledge-Telling and Knowledge-Transforming Strategies2957 Words   |  12 Pagesto achieve effective writing. The following discussion will explore the characteristics of the expert writer and the beginner and what makes effective writing. I will examine and contrast the two models of writing, shed light on the strengths of Murray’s and Martlew’s statement in the context of understanding the effectiveness of the use of the knowledge-telling and knowledge-transforming models. First, let us consider the aspects of elementary writing, we can best understandRead MoreInstructional Leadership Platform And Vision.. During This1957 Words   |  8 PagesI will learn from this course? Now, I have a clear picture of what I have learned. I hope that I do not pass time here in the USA, Tucson, Arizona for nothing. Even I was ruled with the school, I was blind. Because I did not know many interesting teaching tools and methods, which can really help many teachers in Kazakhstan to improve their skills and become more professional than they are now. I liked the thoughts of Neila A Connors, how she compared two professions with each other, â€Å"Great administratorsRead MoreHR assignment Essay1987 Words   |  8 Pagesother business relevant aviation, such as airline food and holiday tourism business. Today, Qantas is still one of the leading long haul airline companies as well as one of the most powerful brands in Australia. It is maintaining the first class product and services standard as well as leading the updated devel opment of international civil aviation industry. The health development of the civil aviation industry could present a country’ stronger competence and economic power. With the popularityRead MoreCreative Thinking4423 Words   |  18 PagesIntroduction In this paper I attempt to provide some insight about the teaching of thinking and creativity in schools by drawing parallels between what is found on this subject in the literature, my experience as a teacher of thinking skills in Primary schools in Maltai and from findings that emerge from a questionnaire that I conducted with Maltese Primary and Secondary school teachers to analyse their perceptions on the teaching and learning of creativity, compatible with the educational values of

Racism Racism And Racism - 1181 Words

This issue of racism is popular by name but tends to be sugar coated by the way people see it. In order to truly understand racism you need to take a bite into the topic in order to get a taste of what it is really like. Racism comes in many different forms and can be seen many different ways. But why even care about racism at all? Why does it even matter? One would think that with such a harsh background regarding racism in America it would no longer exist in society today. But sadly that is not the case here, racism continues to show up all over the country sometimes being worse than others but still racism is racism. People should all be considered equal regardless of what they look like, talk like, or even do that makes them who they are. Not only is racism wrong and makes people feel terrible about whom they are but it makes the person being racist look even worse. Racism is something that is completely rude and ignorant to do to a group of people. One does not choose if they ar e White, Black, Asian, or anything. It’s something that you are born as and to be mocked and made fun of for that is just ridiculous. Without all these different types of people and everyone trying to come together for a single goal we may not be able to discover new things and advance our society. Racism is a big problem but an easy change and I truly believe that getting rid of it can make the biggest change the world as ever seen. The point is simple, if you want change you need to make itShow MoreRelatedRacism : Racism And Racism1544 Words   |  7 PagesTo understand whether or not racism is learnt, we first have to divulge into the nature of racism. It is usually assumed that racism has been a part of civilisation since civilisation started, that it is embedded into how people work and that no matter what, it will always exist. Another assumption is that racism derives from the capitalism of the slave trade by white elitist men seeking to dehumanize people for economic gain, and used racism as a way to mask their financial motives to justify enslavementRead MoreRacism : Racism And Racism1003 Words   |  5 Pagesracism: Racism-â€Å"the belief that all members of each race possess characteristics or abilities specific to that race, especially so as to distinguish it as inferior or superior to another race or races.† Imagine, 5 black men. Singing a church song still faithful for hope. Chained and cuffed together. Flies follow them as they walk by in the dry hot desert. With the white oppressor behind them yelling nasty words that poison their brain. Yet they still sing and wait and keep faith. In some statesRead MoreRacism : Racism And Racism1751 Words   |  8 PagesRacism Social Justice Topic Issue Corbin Metz H R – 3013 University of Oklahoma Racism Social Justice Topic Issue Today in our society, racism is a very popular social justice topic issue, which affects many of the lives of those around us on a daily basis. Individuals as well as organizations and institutions widely commit the act of racism and these issues are embedded in their policies, procedures, and practices (Calgary). The first signs of racism beginning to arise in the worldRead MoreRacism : Racism And Racism953 Words   |  4 PagesRacism in America â€Å"Racism is a refuge for the ignorant. It seeks to destroy. It is the enemy of freedom, and it deserves to be met head-on and stamped out.† - Pierre Berton Racism is the unjust hate for any people who are simply different for a various array of reasons. It is all around us and always will be, but that does not give us the right to be passive on the subject. This discrimination against culturally diverse people is hurting our â€Å" land of the free†, one racist remark at a time.Read MoreRacism : Racism And Racism989 Words   |  4 PagesRacism in America Racism discrimination has been one of our society’s most horrible social problems. In the words of the famous Martin Luther King judging an individual by the color of their skin rather than the content of their character can be a very dehumanizing experience that can have lasting effects on an individual life. Racism in America has not come to a cease. Racism promotes negative personal relations between people of different cultures. I believe slavery started around the 1500sRead MoreRacism : Racism And Racism1971 Words   |  8 PagesRacism has come to be a very important topic in today’s society. Many are talking about the injustices when it comes mostly when it comes to African-Americans and Caucasians in authority. Many have deemed the incidents of Trayvon Martin, Freddie Gray, Sandra Bland, Walter Scott, Akai Gurley, Tamir Rice, the Spring Valley High School video, and even the Charleston Shooting to name a few as reactions to racism. Out of the people talking about these events, only a few really know the meaning of racismRead MoreRacism : Racism And Racism2243 Words   |  9 PagesRacism, a topic which has become especially touchy in modern times. It is quite clear that racism is alive not only in the United States, but across the globe. Though the topic is widely talked about, nobody really does anything to stop it. People will be quick to elaborate on the fact that it should be stopped, then m ake no changes themselves. Yet do they truly understand the concepts of racism and what it really means to be racist? Granted everybody understands that it is racist to hate a groupRead MoreRacism : Racism And Racism996 Words   |  4 PagesCovert Racism Introduction Racism; ‘the belief that races have distinctive cultural characteristics determined by hereditary factors and that this endows some races with an intrinsic superiority over others’ (Collins English Dictionary 2012) and thus leading to ‘abusive or aggressive behaviour towards members of another race on the basis of such a belief’ (Collins English Dictionary 2012). Over time, racism has transformed from a blatant and overt form into a passive style of prejudice and discriminationRead MoreRacism : Racism And Racism1094 Words   |  5 PagesRacism has been an issue that has caused controversial debates for years. It is a topic that stirs up lots of emotions within people and continues to be an argument for all. When there has been a shooting between a white and a colored or a cop and a colored person, people blame it on racism. They state that since the white cop shot the black man it simply means the cop was racist. Then the people want to speak that justice needs to be served and the cop needs to be put in prison or released fromRead MoreRacism In Racism764 Words   |  4 PagesRacism is not new in the West. For that matter, more or less, in other parts of the world as well. But let me focus on the West, where racism has returned with a vengeance once again. As in the past, this racism will end in tear and bloodshed as well.   There was a time when Westerners treated non-Whites as sub-human. They liquidated the locals in Australia, New Zealand, America, Canada, and so many other countries and appropriated from themselves everything the locals had.  So the Red Indians, Aborigines

Essay on Coming of Age and Moving to Massachusetts

Coming to age is not something that usually happens in one exact moment, it is a gradual experience. A person coming of age is very vital to how they develop their personal characteristics. The story of how I came to age isn’t a story I tell very often. Personally, I believe that what happens in the past should stay in the past. When I was nine years old, my parents, two siblings, and uncle decided that it was time for us to move from Missouri up to chilly Massachusetts. Both my uncle and father were construction workers. There were so many projects in Massachusetts, it was sensible for us to move. Financially, this was also the solution to our money problems. All around we were all very excited for this move, all except for myself.†¦show more content†¦I used to hate the nights my mother would work because of this. I came to learn that my father has bipolar depression and also suffers from alcoholism. The move to the north was very difficult for him. Having to take care of my siblings and I were too much for my father to handle. We just added to his stress level. This would cause him to spend every night drinking away the stress. It was around the age of eleven, I felt the need to step up and take control of the situation that my father couldn’t. It was during this time period, that I came of age. No one was looking out for me. I was playing the role of an adult taking care of my siblings at night. There were all these unsaid responsibilities that I took on without my mother knowing. I can remember feeling the pressure to keep everything under control. Every night, I’d stay awake until 2 a.m. for when my mother came home. The house just didn’t feel safe without an actual adult there to handle the situation. There was this fear of falling asleep because if something terrible happened, I would blame myself. There is one night I can vividly remember. Fall was coming to an end, the air was brisk and the ground felt frozen. It was a typical night in the Arwood household. My mom had left for work and my dad was already over the legal limit. Something had happened between my father and sister, Amber. They were fight like usual but this time the fight had turned physical. I cannotShow MoreRelatedIntroduction Of Homeland Security : Boston Marathon Bombing1459 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction to Homeland Security Boston Marathon Bombing Usually a fun and exciting day, April 13, 2013 is literally a holiday in Boston, Massachusetts. This holiday is known as Patriot’s day. Many people from around the world come to Boston to put their bodies to the test and run in an iconic 26.2-mile marathon known as the Boston Marathon. On that day, many people would witness an act of terrorism on the people, which would leave a mark in history, killing three and injuring 260 people. The BostonRead MoreJamie Metcalfe. Health Care Reform And More: Current Topics1657 Words   |  7 PagesJamie Metcalfe Health Care Reform and More: Current Topics in American Health Care Policy 4/23/2017 Policy brief Addressing the Mental Health Needs of Massachusetts’ Children and Adolescents Executive summary: The mental health of the children and adolescents in Massachusetts is being inadequately addressed, with nearly 100,000 individuals needing more comprehensive care for mental health issues. The inadequacies in our system are particularly devastating to this population, with disruptionsRead MoreI Am A Military Kid Essay1367 Words   |  6 PagesThere is a thought about our parents that we have a very young age, that they are almost invincible in our young eyes as we look to them for guidance and knowledge. The mere thought that they could be hurt would be devastating to us. I am a military kid, and because my dad is in the Coast Guard we move every three to four years. In the summer of 2011 my family and I were moving from Massachusetts, where we spent the past 4 years in, back to Virginia which is originally our home town. I distinctlyRead MoreEmily Dickinson s Poems On Death, Religion, And Love1119 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"dashes and syntactical fragments†(81), which was edited out by her original publishers. These fragmented statements and dashes were added to emphasize certain lines and subjects to accentuate the theme of her poems. Emily Dickinson wrote descriptive, moving poems on death, religion, and love. Her poems continue to create gripping discussions among scholars on the meaning behind her words. Emily Dickinson was thought to have an obsession with death, which could be caused by two things. Firstly in theRead MoreEmily Dickinson s Writing Style1191 Words   |  5 Pageslater edited out by her original publishers. These fragmented statements and dashes were added to give emphasis to certain lines and subjects to get her point across. Even though Emily Dickinson was thought to be a recluse, she wrote descriptive, moving poems on death, religion, and love. Her poems continue to create gripping discussions among scholars on the meaning behind her poems. Emily Dickinson was thought to have an obsession with death due to her many poems and letters that contain the subjectRead MoreIncarceration Of The United States1745 Words   |  7 Pagesof people in the US all have rights that were all born with to allow us to do, to be, or to have anything. Our rights protect not only us but the people who are surrounded by us. For example, our rights protect us from any harm, danger, and trouble coming from anyone. As anyone else would say, it is important citizens understand and know our rights because of abuses like racism, racial profiling is real and affects us all individually. In the state of North Carolina, the place of beautiful weatherRead MoreThe Goldsmith Maid Driven By Budd Doble1616 Words   |  7 Pagesby means of Panama in 1849, Marple dug for some time in the Mother Lode nation around Placerville. Deserting his quest for gold, he filled in as a sign and house painter here and, as a self-trained craftsman, started painting scenes. Subsequent to moving to San Francisco in 1866, he built up a studio at 432 Montgomery and in 1867 partook in an offer of works of art with a few different specialists including Denny, Young, Holdredge, and Bush. In 1869 he made a trek to Europe to ponder the Old MastersRead MoreSlavery within the Eyes of Frederick Douglass Essay1026 Words   |  5 Pagespart of the plantation system, city life, and brutal whipping but he was put into history as a great role model defining the true meaning of life. All people today should show respect to African Americans due to their struggle in reaching freedom and coming across diffi culty. Thomas Jefferson added an anti-slavery statement within the declaration of independence but was deleted by the southern delegates due to the pressure. As plantation systems developed, the south began to depend on the slaves evenRead MoreThe Debate Over Same Sex Marriage1682 Words   |  7 Pageseffects of same-sex marriage, much of the focus was on the effects that the marriage had on society, and family life. Research on same-sex marriage in the United States could not be conducted until after the legalization of same-sex marriage in Massachusetts in 2004 (Schecter, Tracy, Page, Luong, 2008). Meezan and Rauch (2005) were able to look at what legalizing marriage would mean from a family unit standpoint. Through use of the census and conducting surveys of same-sex couples with children,Read MoreThomas Hooker And Reverend Samuel Stone1658 Words   |  7 Pages The history of Hartford begins with Thomas Hooker’s arrival in Newtown (later renamed Cambridge) Massachusetts where he became a pastor of one of the earliest established churches there. However, voting in Massachusetts was limited to freemen or limited to people who had been formally interrogated on their religious views and experiences. Hooker disagreed with these limitations and their influential pastor, John Cotton. So, Thomas Hooker and Reverend Samuel Stone led a group of one hundred people

The Framework of Human Resource Management - 920 Words

Introduction The essay will introduce the reader to the framework of Human Resource Management (HRM) practices that can help companies deal with sustainability, globalization and technology challenges. The essay is divided into 4 broad sections which are the four dimensions that form the framework of HRM practices. In each of the sections, there will be examples of HRM practices within each area. Managing the Human Resource Environment Noe et al (2010) mention that managing internal and external environment factors allow employees to make the greatest possible contribution to company productivity and competitiveness. This area of human resource management involves Strategic HRM Strategic HRM (SHRM) bridges business strategy and HRM†¦show more content†¦Recruiting and Selection Stone (2008) mention that recruitment is the process of seeking and attracting a pool of qualified candidates for job vacancy. According to Ulrich and Brockbank (2005), in order to expand the candidate pool, the company has to build an internet hiring strategy, target potential employees and use referral hiring. Training Training is a planned effort to facilitate learning of job-related knowledge, skills and behaviours needed to carry out their jobs with a present or near-future time-frame. Assessment and Development of Human Resources To ensure employees equips with the required skill to perform current and future work roles, an effective line manager have to be aware of issues involved in determining best methods. A good manager also needs to be able to motivates, providing performance feedback to employee as well as take action based on causes of poor performance. This area of human resource is Performance Management Performance Management operates on strategic and administrative function. Through performance measurement system, managers ensure that employee activities and outputs are congruent with the organizational goals. Development Acquisition of knowledge, skills and behaviours that improve an employee’s abilityShow MoreRelatedThe Framework of Human Resource Management912 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction The essay will introduce the reader to the framework of Human Resource Management (HRM) practices that can help companies deal with sustainability, globalization and technology challenges. The essay is divided into 4 broad sections which are the four dimensions that form the framework of HRM practices. In each of the sections, there will be examples of HRM practices within each area. Managing the Human Resource Environment Noe et al (2010) mention that managing internal and externalRead MorePerformance Management in a Human Resources Framework5375 Words   |  22 PagesPerformance Management in a Human Resources Framework Introduction The purpose of this assignment to is to consider Performance Management in a Human Resources Framework. Firstly, the assignment will look at the concept of ‘Human Resources Management’ as a holistic strategic approach to managing the relationship between employer and employee that goes beyond the bounds of mere ‘Personnel Management’. Secondly, in light of the statement from Cooke and Armstrong (1990, cited in Rudman, 2002) thatRead MoreImplementation Of A Strategic Management System835 Words   |  4 Pages This paper extends the REA framework to include broader definitions of the model terms and encompass the balanced scorecard’s learning and growth perspective information requirements. The balanced scorecard includes financial and nonfinancial measures from which performance is compared to as part of a strategic management system. The REA framework focuses on economic activity (very close to the traditional accounting view) whereas the balanc ed scorecard goes beyond economic information to includeRead MoreThe Roles and Resposibilies of the Line Mangers in Virgin Atlantics Human Resource Management998 Words   |  4 PagesLONDON SCHOOL OF BUSINESS AND MANAGEMENT NQF level 4: BTEC Higher National – H1 UNIT NO: 21 UNIT TITLE: Human Resource Management ASSIGNMENT NO: 1 ASSIGNMENT TITLE: Human Resource Management UNIT OUTCOMES COVERED: LO 1. Understand the difference between personnel management and human resource management LO 2. Understand how to recruit employees LO 3. Understand how to reward employees in order to motivate and retain them LO 4. Know the mechanisms for the cessation of employment Read MoreRole Of Information Systems For Business Competitiveness1282 Words   |  6 Pages CALIFORNIA UNIVERSITY OF MANAGEMENT AND SCIENCES SURVIVABILITY AND PROFITABILITY: THE ROLE OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS FOR BUSINESS COMPETITIVENESS RAJESHWAR RAO NALLANI STUDENT ID 5153110 INFORMATION SYSTEMS PLANNING COURSE CS 531 INSTRUCTOR: DR.GIDEON U.NWATU DATE 02/24/2016 â€Æ' TABLE OF CONTENT Abstract†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦....3 Introduction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.4 Types of information systems†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..5 The roles of different types of information systemsRead MoreEffective Human Resource Planning.1310 Words   |  6 PagesThe key to effective human resource management is human resource planning 1.0 Introduction Human Resources (HR) Management is a multifaceted function. This entity has an important place within companies in helping key personnel decide on the best staff for their needs, among other things. Sometimes, the employees chosen are full-time employees already working for the company or they could be contractors. Regardless, the goal of HR Management is to choose the most qualified person for the job. Read MoreStrategic Human Resource Management : Marks And Spencer1208 Words   |  5 PagesBusiness environment is facing a rapid change that reminds the business management to focus on its core competencies to survive and sustain in the competitive environment. The core competencies can be developed by strategic human resource management. According to Armstrong (2006) employees are the valued assets for a company. The strategic human resource management is mainly developed in accordance to the fact that human resources need to be managed strategically for the company to enjoy sustainableRead MoreStrategic Human Resource Development Framework1614 Words   |  7 PagesINRODUCTION The purpose of this paper is to review academic literature of the different frameworks/models proposed by different researchers and eventually propose a framework of choice which will help leaders to better manage their Human Capital (HC) and understand how to incorporate HR policies into everyday decision making and long term planning. First we start by defining Strategic Human Resource Management (SHRM). We then look into what purpose it serves in an organisation. Then we look into theRead MoreUnderstanding And Managing Recreational Fisheries Within A Social Ecological System Framework, By Hunt Et Al1155 Words   |  5 Pages Fishing is often seen as a recreational escape from work or daily routines, as it also meets the basic human needs of nutrition. In the report, Illustrating the critical role of human dimensions research for understanding and managing recreational fisheries within a social-ecological system framework, by Hunt et al., we look more closely at the management of recreational fisheries in relation to the fishers themselves, and how it may influence the outcomes of the fisheries ecological systems. InRead MoreHrm and Ir1533 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction â€Å"Human Resources Management† and â€Å"Industrial relations† has different concepts about the determination and functions of the both spheres. The essay deliberates the comparison and contrast on the key features of Human Resource Management and Industrial Relations in academic fields. Definitions of terms HRM and IR will be identified through the review of the origin and development of these two areas. Moreover, I have pointed out the theoretical scope of the two subjects and key features

Authentic Leadership on Employee Trust †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Authentic Leadership on Employee Trust. Answer: Introduction: Trait theories defer from behavioral theories mainly in terms of the qualities of a leader (Derue et al. 2011: 12). Trait theories of leadership list some specific personality traits that a leader possesses. These traits distinguish leaders and non-leaders. The theories stress that leaders are not made but are born. In other words, the theories maintain that leadership in innate (the personality traits are inborn) and cannot be achieved through learning (Landis, Hill Harvey, 2014: 97). Behavioral theories of leadership, on the other hand, focus on the leader's specific and observable behaviors. Therefore, behavioral theorists pay their attention to the conduct or behaviors of leaders. The primary assumption of these theories is that leaders are made but not born and that the success of leadership is deeply rooted in the learnable and definable behaviors (Penney, Kelloway O'Keefe, 2015: 19) Different organizations have their strategies of selecting and developing effective leaders. However, some of the factors that determine the selection and development include assessment of core competencies and skills and clarification of roles and objectives (Zaccaro Klimoski, 2002: 17). The two primary leadership competencies are skills and behaviors. Skills, in this case, include interpersonal skills, technical and conceptual skills. An effective leader has the responsibly of assigning roles and defining objectives to the workers (Zaccaro Klimoski, 2002: 17). For instance, the role of a human resource manager in an organization would include assigning tasks, formulating action plans for completing tasks or projects and setting goals of performance. Employees' motivation is key to the growth and sustainability of any business. The UK and Europe to ranking companies which have also been cited as the best working places share some common factors that they employ to motivate staff. One of the factors includes employee engagement in the business's operations. Maximum engagement of employees gives them opportunities to not only grow but also shine (Malik, Butt Choi, 2015: 56). They are given opportunities to explore their strengths, grow in their roles as well as learn more. The respective companies and workplaces empower their employees thereby encouraging understanding and encouragement. As a result, the companies record high productivity and profits. Another form of motivation is awarded in terms of awards and other benefits. Other than the basic salary, employees working in these top and/or best companies receive other benefits such as allowances, sick leave, educational leaves, retirement benefits and promotions (Wang Hsieh, 2013: 616). Additionally, employees enjoy a high sense of empowerment. Employees are therefore given opportunities to make decisions that influence the respective companies. It is thus evident that these companies and workplaces encourage decision-making strategy that involves all the stakeholders. Such an approach according to Wang and Hsieh (2013: 616) ensures that the employees are satisfied hence work towards improving the companies' productivity while maximizing profits and meeting competitive advantage. One of the recent films I have watched is Jamie Uys' The Gods Must be Crazy. It is an African based film depicting the ancient life before the emergence of technology in the region. In my perspective, the film is a depiction of what Auguste Comte contended. That is, societies evolve from one stage to the other. The three stages are the theological stage, metaphysical stage, and the scientific stage. The film shows a sophisticated culture which is later disintegrated by conflict and the emergence of technology. The society in question has strict beliefs and values and knows nothing about education. They believe in supernatural powers. Generally, I found the movie interesting and all-involving. Conversely, a friend who watched the same film said that the movie was unattractive. According to her, the actions, events, culture, and characters show how human beings can be barbaric at times. She also contended that the film could be fictional because she could not understand how rational hu man beings could lead a normal life in a desert. Essentially, our perceptions about the film were very different. While I perceived that the unfolding events in the film were salient in any society with no experience of technology and exposure, my friend maintained that such kind of life is abnormal and the film events are just mere makings and imaginations. If I were Samantha, I would ensure the following factors before delegating any project or part of the project to any member of the staff. I would first consider whether I have suitable personnel who can handle the task effectively. The right person to handle the project must possess all the necessary abilities to handle the requirements of the project. In order to ensure that the workers do not feel that Samantha's oversight and authority are too much or she is over controlling, it is necessary to delegate projects while incorporating discussion and participation. She should invite questions and also allow suggestions. The approach is effective in understanding how the workers perceive the task, how they accept it and even become committed. Executives do not require controlling all the projects as a way of maintaining authority. Other than controlling all the projects, executives can alternatively express authority through ensuring that there is trust between them and the employees (Binns, Smith, Tushman, 2011: 72). Again, they can also do so through employees' motivation. Additionally, executives have all rights to have control over projects because it is one of their core responsibilities. However, their manner of control is influenced by the decisions made. They have to be made aware of the decisions made. Some of the tasks that a top executive cannot delegate include; core responsibilities, talent nurturing and team building, crisis management, and achievement of the mission, vision and the company culture. According to Hackman, a successful teamwork should be small in size with consistent membership (Hackman, 2009: 98). It should have skilled, highly motivated and committed members. Also, a successful teamwork should have defined roles and responsibilities. The team leaders should be courageous, assertive and capable of imposing authority. These qualities are important in ensuring effective group performance. Other essential conditions improve the efficiency of teams. Firstly, effective teams focus on cooperation among the team members (Hackman, 2009: 100). In this case, there is the need for the team members to work together to achieve certain goals. Effective teams should also exhibit flexibility. That is, teams should be able to deal with any changes. Dealing with changes calls for the team members to consider different views from every member and can even choose to compromise. One of the things I would do to ensure that the new team is effective is to lay down the ground work. Secondly, I would assess the skills and expertise of every team member. This would help in classifying the members with complementary skills. It would be necessary to divide the overall goal into smaller tasks. The breakdown promotes individual performance and responsibility thereby enhancing accountability towards achieving the overall goal. References Binns, A., Smith, W. K., Tushman, M. L. (2011). The ambidextrous CEO. Harvard Business Review, 89(6), 74-80. Derue, D. S., Nahrgang, J. D., Wellman, N. E. D., Humphrey, S. E. (2011). Trait and behavioral theories of leadership: An integration and meta?analytic test of their relative validity. Personnel psychology, 64(1), 7-52. Hackman, J. R. (2009). Why teams don't work. Interview by Diane Coutu. Harvard Business Review, 87(5), 98-105. Landis, E. A., Hill, D., Harvey, M. R. (2014). A synthesis of leadership theories and styles. Journal of Management Policy and Practice, 15(2), 97. Malik, M. A. R., Butt, A. N., Choi, J. N. (2015). Rewards and employee creative performance: Moderating effects of creative self?efficacy, reward importance, and locus of control. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 36(1), 59-74. Penney, S. A., Kelloway, E. K., OKeefe, D. (2015). Trait theories of leadership. Leadership in Sport, 19. Wang, D. S., Hsieh, C. C. (2013). The effect of authentic leadership on employee trust and employee engagement. Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal, 41(4), 613-624. Zaccaro, S. J., Klimoski, R. J. (Eds.). (2002). The nature of organizational leadership: Understanding the performance imperatives confronting today's leaders (Vol. 12). John Wiley Sons.

Transformative Leadership in Education †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Transformative Leadership in Education. Answer: Introduction This essay talks about the importance of leadership and teams in public school education. Leaderships has been identified as a key strategy for leading the team. The role of an efficient leader is to motivate the team, build the confidence of the team and adopt innovative measures to promote the interests of the team. Transformational leadership has been identified as inspiring the team and motivating them to deliver their best performance through communication of the vision. In this context, the essay explores the current trend in leadership and team in the field of public education in Australia. The next section of the paper proposes recommendations that are indispensable for the leader of the public school. It has been discussed that the leader needs to adopt a collaborative approach for maintaining the stability of the team. Literature review on team leadership has mostly talked about the importance of functional leadership pertaining to the teams. Efficient team leaders have been identified as those individuals who is ready to step into the shoes of any role given to the person (Harmon, 2015). The rudimentary role of the leader is to identify the functions that are absent in the team and therefore, there is a need to compensate. Literatures have mostly concentrated on the traditional perspective of leadership by highlighting the contributions of the leader. The education system in Australia has a self-reliant, self-managed and self-identification process that will inspire the aspiring leaders to pave their own path (McCleskey, 2014). This journey can be problematic as the candidates are motivated, experience and have the ability to seek leadership positions (Hargreaves Fullan, 2014). The journey can be full of hurdles and obstacles in a situation that include absence of support. Leadership process begi ns at the early stage of career and four stages have been identified in this context. These stages are formation, accession, incumbency and divestiture. The accession stage is exemplified by the identification of the capacity of the individual to lead the team within the institutional boundaries, processes and structures (Savery, 2015). The divestiture and incumbency occurs at the stage of when the aspirant seeks to take on a leadership position. When it comes to leadership aspirations there have been mixed findings in the Australian Research (Kezar, Chambers Burkhardt, 2015). Studies have shown that although there is a reluctance to take on the role of principals but there have been interest from the teachers to take on the role of principals. A study conducted by McKenzie et al. reported that 1.4 per cent of the teachers wish to apply for the position of teachers and 7.1 per cent for the position of deputy principal positions (Fitch, 2013). There is considerable reluctance to bec ome a school principal but when it comes to becoming a schoolteacher, there were more enthusiasm from the participants. Studies have shown that middle-level school leaders are dependant on the roles that are constructed and given impetus by the senior-level school leaders based on their capacities, attitudes and abilities. According to Marion Gonzales, (2013), middle-level leaders have been identified as important for the success of the school, research have indicated that some are expected to be leaders that inform learning and teaching. However, teachers in the position of leadership have limited opportunity and expectations to exercise any form of leadership. It is reported that successful leadership is established on the principles of support. This teacher finds lacking and because of which, they are motivated enough to take on leadership roles. The courses taught in the university have been instrumental in the preparation, orientation and the development of a leader. It has been reported that tertiary institutions offer a range of leadership programmes to the students enrolled in the post-graduate certificate. In state of Victoria out of nine universities, eight universities have formal courses on teacher educational programmes that offer specialized courses in educational leadership at the level of post-graduation (Pazey Cole, 2013). However, there have been limited interventions in finding out whether the courses have quality and credibility or not. There are hardly any emphasis provided on the courses by the deputy principal and principal selection panels. It has been found that many courses reflect proper organization or an emphasis on core leadership and the management of functions. There is also limited focus on the processes that would encourage the candidates to become successful school leaders. It was reported tha t the course is in consistent with the general leadership as against the preparation for the principalship in the programmes in USA. Gurr Drysdale (2015), have found that education system in Australia has recognized the importance of support and therefore, have therefore, encouraged the development of leadership through the provision of different programmes. These programmes include both formal and informal topics as support programmes coaching, internships, shadowing, mentoring and through support leaves to attend international seminar, symposiums and conferences (Heikka, Waniganayake, Hujala, 2013). These programmes are important on the ground that it provides opportunities to attain formal qualifications through masters level programmes. Government schools conduct their programmes through centre or institute and focus on leaders and aspiring leaders in the different stages of their career. The highlight of these programmes is that these include sponsorships or scholarship for t he attainment of tertiary qualifications. These programmes cover all aspects of leadership teaching and are open to both government and non-government school personnel (Orazi, Turrini Valotti, 2013). These programmes had meaningful impact in the shaping of a leader and reports have been published documenting the developmental journeys of the school leaders that support this initiative. To maintain the high-quality of learning, there have been the incorporation of schooling and teaching that leads to the culmination of a successful leaders who are confident, creative and successful learners and in addition are informed citizens. According to Gurr Drysdale, (2015), there are five central professional practises in relation to leadership, these are developing self-esteem, leading teaching and learning practises, leading improvement, change and innovation, leading the management of the school and engaging with the community). It is to be seen in the future whether these practises are a cceptable, high-quality and are sufficient to form the basis for the effective preparation and development in the context of Australia. In Australia, there is compulsory certification across all the schools to become a principal that includes four-year teaching registration and qualification are considered as the only requirement for school leaders especially in case of public educational institutions. This should not be read as that requirements have not been fulfilled who was interested to opt for the position of the principal. Every system has their own criteria regarding the selection and appointment of school principals. Being a principal in school is no easy task and is bounded by a range of responsibilities. In Australia, the school structure is quite complex. Eight government systems serve about two-thirds of all the students. In the twenty-first century, a principal who is entrusted with the responsibility of school leadership is required to build essential educational and professional skills (Faircloth Tippeconnic, 2013). However, the administrative tasks often dominate and lead to the decline of the functions. Principals need to invest a considerable proportion of their time on the activities and administrative tasks that includes monitoring and supervising the human resources along with the physical resources. Principals have to endure cumbersome amount of tasks and hardly find time for decision-making the educational activities (Van Knippenberg Sitkin, 2013). The central challenge faced by the principal in the execution of the duty is being overburdened with administrative tasks and therefo re, facing difficulty in the consolidation of tasks. That would promote effective school leadership. This further leads to an increase in the complexity in the activities of the principal. In a situation, where keeping up with the external demands become all the more difficult, there emerges several cases of fragmentation (Eacott, 2013). It has been recognized that the main function of the principal would to identify catalyze organizational learning in the schools. The highlight of organizational learning is that it promotes effective leadership in schools. In the context of educational reforms, effective leadership in schools have been a cause of major concern among the scholars since the 2000s. Education system in these countries are considered in terms of the performance on the basis of their evaluation through tests like TIMSS and PISA. Educational reforms have also shown that the educational reforms that is promoted through 2000s demonstrate that the effective leadership of pri ncipals have a value. The other challenges that have rose from the diversity of education systems in 2000s are the parameters of decentralization and independence in regard to school leadership. Countries have promoted greater dependence in the last few years and this had negative effects on the responsibilities and functions of the leader. Greater autonomy rendered to the leaders leads to a condition where they can exercise transformational leadership. Therefore, in the present years, there has been greater emphasis on decentralization, parental and community control and shared decision-making (Tummers Knies, 2013). The notion behind accountability and independence are the conduits of meeting the fundamental needs in a much more effective manner. These transformations have implications on the function of the school leader. Transformational leadership style has a positive impact on the performance of the team. Transformational leadership emphasizes on the dimensions leaders communi cation style. Therefore, leaders will communicate differently to the team members and would direct their attention and focus in different ways. Leaders who underscore on the importance of motivational communication are inclined towards an excellent vision for the future of the tea, where the team members would work as a community. Inspirational motivation also have the propensity to emphasize on the abilities of the team, by asserting that the team is in competition with other teams. The development of leadership quality is time-consuming and demands considerable action. In the light of Australia, the development and preparation of leaders are dependent on the self-management and self-identification that steers the individuals to decide whether they want to pursue leadership opportunities and later seek out to the experiences and support of others (Eacott, 2013). Leadership and team processes are intertwined and this have a bearing on the collective performance. In other words, leadership performances processes determine the performance of the team and influence the processes for the development of an effective leader. This intertwining between leadership and team performance has implications on one another. This may also jeopardize the team performance. At the complex level, team processes and leadership of the team are integrated and set the boundaries of each process to be fair and distinct. Such conceptualizations receive the multilevel nature of the membersh ip of the team but it hardly makes any effort to make a distinction between teamwork and leadership. Recommendations for the future practise It is important to realize that being a leader in a public educational institution is fraught with responsibilities and demands sophisticated skills and a thorough understanding of the responsibilities. The school leader needs to understand their responsibility towards the school. They should advocate for the school and maximize the opportunities for the teachers and the students. The leader of the public school needs to adopt a leadership responsibility through integration of local educational solutions, aspirations and understanding the requirements of the parents. The leader of the public school need to work for the interest of the various stakeholders in the education system and the wider community (Bao, Wang, Larsen Morgan, 2013). This duality is important and may lead to tensions of being a leader who is in charge of a public school. The leader or the principal persistently need to strike a balance that would range between the interests of all the students studying in the scho ol and at the same time marinating the prospects of the students. A school leader needs to maintain and contribute to the sustenance of high-quality teaching and thereby make a meaningful impact in the learning outcome of the students. The strength of the leader lies in successfully leading a team and inspiring them to deliver their best performance. The leader needs to master the art of leading through the creation of a teaching culture that promotes premium-quality teaching that fosters critical thinking and excellence among the teachers. The teachers or the team should be inspired to personalize the instruction so as to cater to the distinctive and unique needs of each children. The team should be motivated to expand their knowledge base and aspire to become better teachers and role model for the children. The leader need to continuously coordinate with the team with the aim to create a high-performance culture in school and contribute to a learning community founded on the value s of professionalism and excellence (Van Oord, 2013). The principals need to develop mutually beneficial relationships with the various services and communication agencies. Innovation is the key success, therefore, the school leader needs to innovate by enhancing the flexibility through the incorporation of changes that would equip the students better to deal with their future. The leader needs to encourage the schools adopt their innovative strategies and encourage them to eliminate obstacles. The leader should inspire the team to usher in productive changes (Berkovich, 2014). The priority of the school would be to learn from each other. This would allow them to mould to different conditions and innovations according to their required contexts. The leader needs to ensure that there is a rethinking of the current schooling system and there is the adoption of different modes of delivery of service based on the requirements of the students (Tummers Knies, 2013). Leaders play an impor tant role in the building of positive relationships through partnership. Through this endeavour, the learning outcome and achievement of the students will be maximized in case of shared understandings and open communication. The leader needs to emphasize on the development of relationships outside the confines of the school premises. The importance of this would be to bring in transformation in the roles and functions of schools and make them the bastion of community values (Paulsen, 2016). Leaders need to be open-minded and seize the opportunities that would be in consonance with the interest of the schools. The leaders should strive to build in partnerships with the local government, industry and the business, government and non-government social actors along with different educational agencies that would promote the capacity of schools to meet with the requirements of the students. Conclusion Therefore, it can be concluded that in Australia there is the provision of conferences, symposiums and seminars that provide an opportunity for the leaders to grow them and master the art of leadership. Leaders in public schools are overburdened with administrative tasks that preclude them from realising their full potential. Transformational leadership has been identified as the key to leading a team successfully. The aim of this kind of leadership is to inspire the team to deliver their best performance. The recommendation for schools would be develop innovative strategies that would motivate the team to create a culture of good teaching. Teachers should feel motivated to expand their horizon of knowledge and inspire the students to realize their full potential. The principal needs to coordinate with different stakeholders in the execution of duties and work like a community in achieving the vision of the school. The schools should prioritize learning from each other and the adopti on of innovative techniques for leading the team. References Bao, G., Wang, X., Larsen, G. L., Morgan, D. F. (2013). Beyond new public governance: A value-based global framework for performance management, governance, and leadership.Administration Society,45(4), 443-467. Berkovich, I. (2014). A socio-ecological framework of social justice leadership in education.Journal of Educational Administration,52(3), 282-309. Eacott, S. (2013). Leadership and the social: time, space and the epistemic.International journal of educational management,27(1), 91-101. Eacott, S. (2013). Towards a theory of school leadership practice: A Bourdieusian perspective.Journal of Educational Administration and History,45(2), 174-188. Faircloth, S. C., Tippeconnic III, J. W. (2013). Leadership in Indigenous education: Challenges and opportunities for change.American Journal of Education,119(4), 481-486. Fitch, K. (2013). A disciplinary perspective: The internationalization of Australian public relations education.Journal of Studies in International Education,17(2), 136-147. Gurr, D., Drysdale, L. (2015). An Australian perspective on school leadership preparation and development: credentials or self-management?.Asia Pacific Journal of Education,35(3), 377-391. Hargreaves, A., Fullan, M. (2014). Capital profesional.Madrid: Morata. Harmon, G. (2015). Australia as an higher education exporter.International Higher Education, (42). Heikka, J., Waniganayake, M., Hujala, E. (2013). Contextualizing distributed leadership within early childhood education: Current understandings, research evidence and future challenges.Educational Management Administration Leadership,41(1), 30-44. Kezar, A., Chambers, A. C., Burkhardt, J. C. (Eds.). (2015).Higher education for the public good: Emerging voices from a national movement. John Wiley Sons. Marion, R., Gonzales, L. D. (2013).Leadership in education: Organizational theory for the practitioner. Waveland press. McCleskey, J. A. (2014). Situational, transformational, and transactional leadership and leadership development.Journal of Business Studies Quarterly,5(4), 117. Orazi, D. C., Turrini, A., Valotti, G. (2013). Public sector leadership: new perspectives for research and practice.International Review of Administrative Sciences,79(3), 486-504. Paulsen, M. B. (2016).Higher education: Handbook of theory and research(Vol. 31). J. C. Smart (Ed.). Springer. Pazey, B. L., Cole, H. A. (2013). The role of special education training in the development of socially just leaders: Building an equity consciousness in educational leadership programs.Educational Administration Quarterly,49(2), 243-271. Savery, J. R. (2015). Overview of problem-based learning: Definitions and distinctions.Essential readings in problem-based learning: Exploring and extending the legacy of Howard S. Barrows,9, 5-15. Tummers, L. G., Knies, E. (2013). Leadership and meaningful work in the public sector.Public Administration Review,73(6), 859-868. Van Knippenberg, D., Sitkin, S. B. (2013). A critical assessment of charismatictransformational leadership research: Back to the drawing board?.Academy of Management Annals,7(1), 1-60. Van Oord, L. (2013). Towards transformative leadership in education.International journal of leadership in education,16(4), 419-434.